How to improve the corrosion resistance of photovoltaic bolts in harsh outdoor environments?

In harsh outdoor environments, photovoltaic bolts, as key fasteners for connecting components, brackets and grounding in solar power generation systems, are exposed to corrosive environments such as high temperature, high humidity, salt spray, acid rain and ultraviolet radiation for a long time. In order to improve its corrosion resistance and long-term reliability, system optimization should be carried out in terms of material selection, surface treatment process, sealing protection design and installation and maintenance strategies.

The selection of high-performance corrosion-resistant materials is the basis. Although traditional carbon steel bolts have high strength, they are easy to oxidize and rust, and are not suitable for long-term outdoor use. It is recommended to use austenitic stainless steel (such as SUS304, SUS316) or duplex stainless steel as the base material. They have excellent resistance to chloride ion corrosion, especially suitable for coastal or high salt spray areas. For scenes with high lightweight requirements, titanium alloy or nickel-based alloy bolts can also be considered to further improve weather resistance.

The application of surface anti-corrosion treatment technology is crucial to enhance corrosion resistance. Common treatment methods include:

Hot-dip galvanizing: forms a zinc layer protective film, suitable for general industrial environments;
Dacromet coating: has excellent salt spray corrosion resistance and no risk of hydrogen embrittlement;
Zinc-aluminum coating + organic sealer: has good corrosion resistance and environmental protection;
Electrochromium plating or chemical nickel plating: provides higher hardness and wear resistance, while enhancing antioxidant capacity.

In addition, some high-end applications can also use nano-ceramic coating or fluorocarbon resin coating to achieve longer-term protection.

Sealing and waterproof structure design helps to reduce the intrusion of corrosive media. A rubber sealing ring or silicone anti-corrosion gasket can be set between the bolt head and the gasket to prevent rainwater and dust from entering the gap and causing micro-environmental corrosion. At the same time, using anti-rust grease or conductive anti-corrosion paste during installation can not only improve the conductivity, but also isolate oxygen and moisture, and delay metal oxidation.

In addition, regular inspection and maintenance are also important measures to ensure the long-term stable operation of photovoltaic bolts. It is recommended to check whether the bolts are rusted, loose or broken in combination with the regular maintenance cycle of the photovoltaic power generation system, and replace the damaged parts in time. In areas with high corrosion risk, electrochemical detection technology or remote monitoring system can be used to warn of potential failures in advance.

By selecting basic materials with strong corrosion resistance, implementing advanced surface treatment processes, optimizing sealing structure design, and strengthening daily maintenance management, the corrosion resistance of photovoltaic bolts in harsh outdoor environments can be significantly improved, thereby ensuring the safe and stable operation of the photovoltaic system and extending the overall service life.